Broccoli Sprouts Contain Sulforaphane...
Sulforaphane is a naturally occurring phytochemical that enhances the cancer-protective capacity of animal cells. According to studies by Dr. Paul Talalay and his colleagues at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, sulforaphane induces Phase 2 (detoxification) enzymes. These are the enzymes which deactivate carcinogens and free radicals, thus enhancing the body's own defense system against cancer-causing chemicals.
In animal studies, administration of sulforaphane blocked tumor development, reducing incidence, multiplicity, and size of carcinogen-induced mammary tumors. (see Broccoli sprouts: An exceptionally rich source of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens)
In general, Brassica family plants such as broccoli are rich in sulforaphane in its glucosinolate precursor form. However, the evidence suggests that broccoli must be eaten in large quantities to substantially reduce the risk of cancer. In addition, supermarket broccoli varies considerably in sulforaphane content, whereas certain varieties of young broccoli sprouts, grown under standardized conditions, contain large and highly uniform quantities of the compound.
Talalay and his colleagues identified the specific varieties of three-day-old broccoli sprouts containing 20 times the concentration of sulforaphane glucosinolate found in mature broccoli.
More importantly, small quantities of broccoli sprout extracts reduced the incidence and size of mammary tumors in animals. Clinical studies are underway to further explore the effects of broccoli sprouts on protective biomarkers against human cancer.
The Bottom Line
Chemoprotection has great promise as a way to use the diet to reduce the risk of some cancers. Chemoprotection can be accomplished by activating the body's Phase 2 "defense" enzymes. Cruciferous plants, such as broccoli, contain a natural precursor, sulforaphane glucosinolate (SGS), which is readily converted to sulforaphane. Sulforaphane acts by raising the activity of these enzymes. Research into the chemoprotective powers of sulforaphane is promising and exciting. While more research is needed, supplementing a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables may help maintain the body's natural defenses.
According to the website, www.broccosprouts.com, these powerful little plants can be found at both Kroger and Wal-Mart Supercenters.
